{jb_quote} Chapter 10: It is a Summary of all the earlier concepts introduced previously with particular emphasis on attached pronouns. {/jb_quote}
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Part 1
Resources
Type Arabic onscreen with an oline Keyboard
Vocabulary:
|
Urdu (Language) |
أُرْدِيَّةٌ |
Colleague |
زَمِيلٌ |
|
Child |
طِفْلٌ |
Husband |
زَوْجٌ |
|
Father |
أَبٌ |
Young Man |
فَتًى |
|
Brother |
أَخٌ |
Mother |
أُمٌّ |
|
Minister |
وَزِيْرٌ |
Sister |
أُخْتٌ |
|
Difficult |
صَعبَةٌ |
Easy |
سَهْلَةٌ |
|
With (Preposition) |
مَعَ |
With (Zarf) |
عِنْدَ |
|
Belongs to (Preposition) |
لِ |
At (Preposition) |
بِ |
|
About (Preposition) |
عَنْ |
I don’t have... |
مَاعِنْدَي |
Simple Detached Pronouns (Revision):
Now look at the pronouns below and read on your fingers 7 times. Ignore the attached pronouns for the time being. We have drawn a picture for you to understand this memorisation technique even further.
|
Detached Pronouns |
|||
|
Third Person Masculine |
He |
Huwa |
هُو |
|
Them (2 He) |
Huma |
هُمَا |
|
|
They (3+ He) |
Hum |
هُم |
|
|
Third Person Feminine |
She |
Hiya |
هِيَ |
|
Them (2 She) |
Huma |
هُمَا |
|
|
They (3+ She) |
Hunna |
هُنَّ |
|
|
Second Person Masculine |
You (Male) |
Anta |
أنتَ |
|
You (2, Male) |
Antuma |
أنتُمَا |
|
|
You (3+ Male) |
Antum |
أنتُم |
|
|
Second Person Feminine |
You (Female) |
Anti |
أنتِ |
|
You (2, Female) |
Antuma |
أنتُمَا |
|
|
You (3+, Female) |
Antunna |
أنتُنَّ |
|
|
First Person |
I |
Anna |
أنَا |
|
We |
Nahnu |
نَحنُ |
|
Simple Attached Pronouns:
Use the pores of your fingers to learn this table just like you have memorised the previous tables.
|
Attached Pronouns |
|||
|
Third Person Masculine |
His |
Hu |
هُ |
|
Theirs (2 He) |
Huma |
هُمَا |
|
|
Theirs (3+ He) |
Hum |
هُم |
|
|
Third Person Feminine |
Her |
Ha |
هَا |
|
Theirs (2 She) |
Huma |
هُمَا |
|
|
Theirs (3+ She) |
Hunna |
هُنَّ |
|
|
Second Person Masculine |
Your (Male) |
Kaa |
كَ |
|
Your (2, Male) |
Kuma |
كُمَا |
|
|
Your (3+ Male) |
Kum |
كُم |
|
|
Second Person Feminine |
Your (Female) |
Ki |
كِ |
|
Your (2, Female) |
Kuma |
كُمَا |
|
|
Your (3+, Female) |
Kunna |
كُنَّ |
|
|
First Person |
Mine |
Ie |
يْ |
|
Ours |
Naa |
نَا |
|
The last vowel of the pronoun is stripped of its Tanween, replaced with a single vowel and the pronoun is attached directly to it, for example:
Your pen (1,M) قَلَمٌ + كَ = قَلَمُكَ
Their book (3+,F) كِتَابٌ + هُنَّ = كِتَابُهُنَّ
|
Attached Pronouns |
|||
|
Third Person Masculine |
His Book |
Kitabuhu |
كِتَابُهُ |
|
Theirs (2 He) Book |
KitabuHuma |
كِتَابُهُمَا |
|
|
Theirs (3+ He) Book |
KitabuHum |
كِتَابُهُم |
|
|
Third Person Feminine |
Her Book |
KitabuHa |
كِتَابُهَا |
|
Theirs (2 She) Book |
KitabuHuma |
كِتَابُهُمَا |
|
|
Theirs (3+ She) Book |
KitabuHunna |
كِتَابُهُنَّ |
|
|
Second Person Masculine |
Your (Male) Book |
KitabuKaa |
كِتَابُكَ |
|
Your (2, Male) Book |
KitabuKuma |
كِتَابُكُمَا |
|
|
Your (3+ Male) Book |
KitabuKum |
كِتَابُكُم |
|
|
Second Person Feminine |
Your (Female) Book |
KitabuKi |
كِتَابُكِ |
|
Your (2, Female) Book |
KitabuKuma |
كِتَابُكُمَا |
|
|
Your (3+, Female) Book |
KitabuKunna |
كِتَابُكُنَّ |
|
|
First Person |
My Book |
Kitabuie |
كِتَابِيْ |
|
Our Book |
KitabuNaa |
كِتَابُنَا |
|
In case of "My book" the vowel on the last letter is Kasrah instead of Damma and this will always happen in the case of "My ..."
Five (Special Nouns):
You have been practising attaching pronouns to various noun and the pattern is the same except for five (5) special nouns which have a different pattern.
|
Father |
Abun |
أَبٌ |
|
Brother |
Akhun |
أَخٌ |
|
Mouth |
Famun |
فَمٌ |
|
Father-in-law |
Hamun |
حَمٌ |
|
Possessor of (always comes as Mudaf) |
Dhu |
ذُو |
{jb_bluedisc}1{/jb_bluedisc} A و is inserted and then the pronoun is attached e.g. أَخُوكَ
{jb_bluedisc}2{/jb_bluedisc} In case of saying "My ..." the و is ommitted and it follows the same pattern as a regular noun e.g. أَخِي
Exercise:
{jb_bluedisc}1{/jb_bluedisc} Choose 5 nouns of your choice and attach pronouns to them. First recite them on your fingers and then write them down in your exercise book.
{jb_bluedisc}2{/jb_bluedisc}Choose 5 special nouns from the table above and attach pronouns to them. First recite them on your fingers and then write them down in your exercise book.
Part 2:
Lesson:
Analyse (paying special attention to letters and words in RED) and notes below and then translate.
حَامِدٌ: مَن أَنْتَ؟
مُحَمَّدٌ: أَنَا طَالِبٌ بِالجَامِعَةِ
حَامِدٌ: أَ أَنْتَ طَالِبٌ جَدِيدٌ؟
مُحَمَّدٌ:نَعَم, أَنَا طَالِبٌ جَدِيدٌ
حَامِدٌ: مِن أَينَ أَنْتَ؟
مُحَمَّدٌ: أَنَا مِن الهِندِ
حَامِدٌ: مَا اسْمُكَ؟
مُحَمَّدٌ: إِسمِي مُحَمَّدٌ
حَامِدٌ:وَمَن هَذَا الفَتَي الَّذِي مَعَك؟
مُحَمَّدٌ: هو زَمِيلِي
حَامِدٌ:أَهو أَيضًا مِن الهِندِ؟
مُحَمَّدٌ: لا, هو مِن اليَابَانِ
حَامِدٌ: مَا اسْمُهُ؟
مُحَمَّدٌ: إِسْمُهُ حَمزَةُ
حَامِدٌ: مَا لُغَتُكَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ ؟
مُحَمَّدٌ: لُغَتِي الأُرْدِيَّةُ
حَامِدٌ:أَهِيَ لُغَةٌ سَهْلَةٌ؟
مُحَمَّدٌ: نَعَم, هِيَ لُغَةٌ سَهْلَةٌ
حَامِدٌ:وَ حَمزَةُ , مَا لُغَتُهُ ؟
مُحَمَّدٌ: لُغَتُهُ اليَابَانِيَةُ , وَهِيَ لُغَةٌ صَعبَةٌ
حَامِدٌ: أَينَ أَبُوكَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ ؟
مُحَمَّدٌ: أٌبِي فِي الكُوَيتِ. هو طَبِيبٌ شَهِيرٌ
حَامِدٌ:وَأَينَ أُمُّكِ؟
مُحَمَّدٌ: هِيَ أَيضاً فِي الكُوَيتِ مَعَ أٌبِي. هِيَ مُدَرِّسَةٌ هُنَاك
حَامِدٌ:أَ ذَهَبتَ إِلَي الكُوَيتِ يَا مُحَمَّدُ؟
مُحَمَّدٌ: نَعَم , ذَهَبتُ
حَامِدٌ:وَ زَمِيلُكَ , أَينَ أَبُوهُ؟
مُحَمَّدٌ: أَبُوهُ فِي الْيَابَانِ. هُوَ تَاجِرٌ كَبِيرٌ
حَامِدٌ:أَ لَكَ أَخٌ يَا مُحَمَّدُ ؟
مُحَمَّدٌ: نَعَم. لِي أَخٌ وَاحِدٌ , إَسْمُهُ أُسَامَةُ , وَهٌوَ مَعِي هُنَا فِي الْمَدِينَةِ الْمُنَوَّرَةِ. وَلِي أُخْتٌ وَاحِدَةٌ اِسْمُهَا زَينَبُ,وَهِيَ فِي الْعِرَاقِ مَعَ زَوْجَهَا. زَوجُهَا مٌهَندِسٌ
{jb_bluedisc}1{/jb_bluedisc} Jaar/Majroor can never be Mubtada!
{jb_bluedisc}2{/jb_bluedisc} لِ is used to convey belonging of "Brothers/Sisters" etc
حَامِدٌ:أَ عِنْدَكَ سَيَّارَةٌ يَا أَخِي ؟
مُحَمَّدٌ: لَا, مَا عِنْدِي سَيَّارَةٌ . عِنْدِي دَرَّاجَةٌ. حَمزَةُ , عِنْدَهُ سَيَّارَةٌ
{jb_bluedisc}1{/jb_bluedisc} عِنْدَ is used to convey belonging of objects like Pens/Cars etc
Part 3:
Exercise 1:
The first exercise requires you to answer questions from the Lesson, if you have analysed and translated the lesson then answering questions should be straight forward, check your answers at the end with the solutions book, already provided.
Exercise 2:
This exercise requires you to insert the pronoun هُ or هَا to the Mubtada provided to you for masculine and feminine respectively. Pay attention to the gender of the Khabar and use the appropriate version.
Exercise 3:
عِنْدَ is used to convey belonging of objects like Pens/Cars etc. Make five (5) questions and answers using the objects of your choice.
Exercise 4:
عِنْدَ is used to convey belonging of objects like Pens/Cars etc. Make five (5) questions and answers using the objects of your choice but this time the answer should be in negative.
Exercise 5:
After using the Mubtada of هَـٰذَا or هَـٰذِهِ add a suitable pronoun to the noun given. Remember that when you combine a noun with a pronoun, the resulting combination is of a Mudaf/Mudaf-Ileh.
Exercise 6:
لِ is used to convey belonging of "Brothers/Sisters" and not objects like "Pens/Cars" etc. Read, analyse and follow the examples.
Part 4:
Adverb of Time ظَرْف الزَْمَانِ :
Noun through which a time period is expressed are known asظَرْف الزَْمَانِ and they are usually expressed as "Mudaf" مُضَاف which means that a "Mudaf Ileh" مُضَاف إلَيْه may follow it, the two common adverbs used in our lessons are as follows:
|
After |
بَعْدَ |
Before |
قَبْلَ |
Adverb of Place ظَرْفُ المَكَانِ :
Noun through which a place or position is expressed are known as ظَرْفُ المَكَانِ and they are expressed as "Mudaf" مُضَاف which means that a "Mudaf Ileh" مُضَاف إلَيْه may follow it some of the common examples are as follows:
|
Below |
تَحْتَ |
Above |
فَوقَ |
|
Behind |
خَلْفَ |
In front of |
أَمَامَ |
|
There |
مَبنَي) هُنَاكَ) |
Here |
مَبنَي) هُنَا) |
|
With (Anywhere) |
مَعَ |
With (Physically together) |
عِنْدَ |
Exercise 7:
عِنْدَ (with) in Arabic implies that the person is with the other in the same geographical location.
مَعَ (with) in Arabic has no geographical location so they can be together anywhere.
Complete the exercise using مَعَ
Exercise 8:
Five (Special Nouns):
You have been practising attaching pronouns to various noun and the pattern is the same except for five (5) special nouns which have a different pattern.
|
Father |
Abun |
أَبٌ |
|
Brother |
Akhun |
أَخٌ |
|
Mouth |
Famun |
فَمٌ |
|
Father-in-law |
Hamun |
حَمٌ |
|
Possessor of (always comes as Mudaf) |
Dhu |
ذُو |
{jb_bluedisc}1{/jb_bluedisc} A و is inserted and then the pronoun is attached e.g. أَخُوكَ
{jb_bluedisc}2{/jb_bluedisc} In case of saying "My ..." the و is ommitted and it follows the same pattern as a regular noun e.g. أَخِي
Practise:
{jb_bluedisc}1{/jb_bluedisc} Choose 5 nouns of your choice and attach pronouns to them. First recite them on your fingers and then write them down in your exercise book.
{jb_bluedisc}2{/jb_bluedisc}Choose 5 special nouns from the table above and attach pronouns to them. First recite them on your fingers and then write them down in your exercise book.
Exercise 9:
Place an appropriate vowel on the last letter of the names given and remember that a single Dammah (without an "Al") indicates that the noun is a diptote.