{jb_quote} Chapter 13: Introduces the concept of sound and broken Plurals in Arabic. {/jb_quote}
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Part 1
Resources
Type Arabic onscreen with an oline Keyboard
Vocabulary:
|
The Plural |
الْجَمْعُ |
The Singular |
الْمُفْرَدُ |
|
Broken Plural |
جَمْعُ تَكْسِيرٍ |
Sound Plural |
جَمْعٌ سَالِمٌ |
|
Books |
كُتُبٌ |
These |
هَؤُلاءِ |
|
Teachers (F) |
مُدَرِّسَاتٌ |
Teachers (M) |
مُدَرِّسُونَ |
|
Students (F) |
طَالِبَاتٌ |
Gardens |
حَدَائِقُ |
|
Farmers |
فَلاحُونَ |
Engineers (M) |
مُهَنْدِسُونَ |
|
Wives |
زَوْجَاتٌ |
Books |
كُتُبٌ |
|
Hotel |
فُنْدُقٌ |
Grand Daughter |
حَفِيدَةٌ |
|
Teachers (F) |
مُعَلِّمُونَ |
Fasting Person (M) |
صَائِمٌ |
|
Supervisor |
مُوَّجِهٌ |
Inspector |
مُفَتِّشٌ |
|
Mountain/Mountains |
جَبَلٌ \ جِبَالٌ |
Star/Stars |
نَجْمٌ \ نُجُومٌ |
|
Pen/Pens |
قَلَمٌ \ أَقْلامٌ |
Pilgrims/Pilgrims |
حَاجٌّ \ حُجَّاجٌ |
|
Brother/Brothers |
أَخٌ \ إِخْوَةٌ |
Doctor/Doctors |
طَبِيبٌ \ أَطِبَّاءُ |
|
Young Men/Young Men |
فَتًى \ فِتْيَةٌ |
Short |
قَصِيرٌ \ قِصَارٌ |
|
Name/Names |
اسْمٌ \ أَسْمَاءٌ |
New |
جَدِيدٌ \ جُدُدٌ |
|
Student/Students |
طَالِبٌ \ طُلابٌ |
Tall |
طَوِيلٌ \ طِوَالٌ |
|
Guest/Guests |
ضَيْفٌ \ ضُيُوفٌ |
Son/Sons |
اِبْنٌ \ أَبْنَاءٌ |
|
Man/Men |
رَجُلٌ \ رِجَالٌ |
Business Man/Business Men |
تَاجِرٌ \ تُجَّارٌ |
|
Boy/Boys |
وَلَدٌ \ أَوْلادٌ |
Scholar/Scholars |
شَيْخٌ \ شُيُوخٌ |
|
Elder/Elders |
كَبِيرٌ \ كِبَارٌ |
Paternal Uncle/Paternal Uncles |
عَمٌّ \ أَعْمَامٌ |
|
Rich Man/Rich Men |
غَنِيٌّ \ أَغْنِيَاءُ |
Poor Man/Poor Men |
فَقِيرٌ \ فُقَرَاءُ |
|
Friend/Friends |
صَدِيقٌ \ أَصْدِقَاءُ |
Farm/Farms |
حَقْلٌ \ حُقُولٌ |
|
Woman/Women |
اِمْرَأَةٌ \ نِسَاءٌ |
Husband/ Husbands |
زَوْجٌ \ أَزْوَاجٌ |
|
Brother/Brothers |
أُخْتٌ \ أَخَوَاتٌ |
Daughter/ Daughters |
بِنْتٌ \ بَنَاتٌ |
|
Young Lady/Young Ladies |
فَتَاةٌ \ فَتَيَاتٌ |
Hard Working Women |
مُجْتَهِدَاتٌ |
Simple Detached Pronouns (Revision):
Now look at the pronouns below and read on your fingers 7 times. Ignore the attached pronouns for the time being. We have drawn a picture for you to understand this memorisation technique even further.
|
Detached Pronouns |
|||
|
Third Person Masculine |
He |
Huwa |
هُو |
|
Them (2 He) |
Huma |
هُمَا |
|
|
They (3+ He) |
Hum |
هُم |
|
|
Third Person Feminine |
She |
Hiya |
هِيَ |
|
Them (2 She) |
Huma |
هُمَا |
|
|
They (3+ She) |
Hunna |
هُنَّ |
|
|
Second Person Masculine |
You (Male) |
Anta |
أنتَ |
|
You (2, Male) |
Antuma |
أنتُمَا |
|
|
You (3+ Male) |
Antum |
أنتُم |
|
|
Second Person Feminine |
You (Female) |
Anti |
أنتِ |
|
You (2, Female) |
Antuma |
أنتُمَا |
|
|
You (3+, Female) |
Antunna |
أنتُنَّ |
|
|
First Person |
I |
Anna |
أنَا |
|
We |
Nahnu |
نَحنُ |
|
Simple Attached Pronouns:
Use the pores of your fingers to learn this table just like you have memorised the previous tables.
|
Attached Pronouns |
|||
|
Third Person Masculine |
His |
Hu |
هُ |
|
Theirs (2 He) |
Huma |
هُمَا |
|
|
Theirs (3+ He) |
Hum |
هُم |
|
|
Third Person Feminine |
Her |
Ha |
هَا |
|
Theirs (2 She) |
Huma |
هُمَا |
|
|
Theirs (3+ She) |
Hunna |
هُنَّ |
|
|
Second Person Masculine |
Your (Male) |
Kaa |
كَ |
|
Your (2, Male) |
Kuma |
كُمَا |
|
|
Your (3+ Male) |
Kum |
كُم |
|
|
Second Person Feminine |
Your (Female) |
Ki |
كِ |
|
Your (2, Female) |
Kuma |
كُمَا |
|
|
Your (3+, Female) |
Kunna |
كُنَّ |
|
|
First Person |
Mine |
Ie |
يْ |
|
Ours |
Naa |
نَا |
|
The last vowel of the pronoun is stripped of its Tanween, replaced with a single vowel and the pronoun is attached directly to it, for example:
Your pen (1,M) قَلَمٌ + كَ = قَلَمُكَ
Their book (3+,F) كِتَابٌ + هُنَّ = كِتَابُهُنَّ
|
Attached Pronouns |
|||
|
Third Person Masculine |
His Book |
Kitabuhu |
كِتَابُهُ |
|
Theirs (2 He) Book |
KitabuHuma |
كِتَابُهُمَا |
|
|
Theirs (3+ He) Book |
KitabuHum |
كِتَابُهُم |
|
|
Third Person Feminine |
Her Book |
KitabuHa |
كِتَابُهَا |
|
Theirs (2 She) Book |
KitabuHuma |
كِتَابُهُمَا |
|
|
Theirs (3+ She) Book |
KitabuHunna |
كِتَابُهُنَّ |
|
|
Second Person Masculine |
Your (Male) Book |
KitabuKaa |
كِتَابُكَ |
|
Your (2, Male) Book |
KitabuKuma |
كِتَابُكُمَا |
|
|
Your (3+ Male) Book |
KitabuKum |
كِتَابُكُم |
|
|
Second Person Feminine |
Your (Female) Book |
KitabuKi |
كِتَابُكِ |
|
Your (2, Female) Book |
KitabuKuma |
كِتَابُكُمَا |
|
|
Your (3+, Female) Book |
KitabuKunna |
كِتَابُكُنَّ |
|
|
First Person |
My Book |
Kitabuie |
كِتَابِيْ |
|
Our Book |
KitabuNaa |
كِتَابُنَا |
|
In case of "My book" the vowel on the last letter is Kasrah instead of Damma and this will always happen in the case of "My ..."
Exercise of Past Tense:
Download the Past Tense book and practise the past Tenses.
Part 2:
Lesson :
Plurals in Arabic are of two kinds:
{jb_bluedisc}1{/jb_bluedisc} Sound Plural أَلجَمعُ السَّالِم :
{jb_bluedisc}a{/jb_bluedisc} Masculine Sound Plural جَمعُ مُذَكَّر سَالِم: This is formed by inserting ؤُنَ to the last letter e.g مُسلِمٌ from to
مُسلِمُونَ
|
Majroor |
Mansoob |
Marfoo |
|
مُسلِمَينَ |
مُسلِمَينَ |
مُسلِمُونَ |
{jb_bluedisc}b{/jb_bluedisc} Feminine Sound Plural جَمعُ مُؤَنَثٍ سَالِم : This is formed by dropping the ة and inserting أَتٌ to the last letter e.g مُسلِمَةٌ from to مُسلِمَاتٌ
|
Majroor |
Mansoob |
Marfoo |
|
مُسلِمَاتٍ |
مُسلِمَاتٍ |
مُسلِمَاتٌ |
{jb_bluedisc}2{/jb_bluedisc} Broken Plural أَلجَمعُ المُكَسَّر : It is the Plural in which the sequence of letters (of the singular) is broken up and some letters are added or deleted to make the plural. There are no specific but certain patterns أُوزَان should be memorised for masculine nonuns while the feminine nouns don't have set patterns
Part 3:
Lesson :
{jb_bluedisc}1{/jb_bluedisc} Analyse and identify Grammaatical concepts and ensure that the word is correctly pronounced keeping the vowel on the last letter in mind.
{jb_bluedisc}2{/jb_bluedisc} Translate
مَن هَؤُلاءِ الفِتْيَةُ الطِوَالُ يَا علي؟
هم طلاَّب جددٌ
مِن أَينَ هم؟
هم مِن أَمرِيكا
أَهم زُمَلاؤُكَ؟
نَعم. هم زُمَلائِ
أَهم مُجتَهِدُونَ؟
نَعم.هم مُجتَهِدُونَ
مَا أَسمَاؤُهُم؟
أَسمَاؤُهُم: يَاسِرٌ وَََ زَكَرِيَّا وَ مُوسَي وَ عُبدُاللهِ
وَمَن هَؤُلاءِ الرِّجَالُ القِصَارُ؟
هم حُجَّاجٌ
مِن أَينَ هم؟
بَعضُهم مِنَ الصَّينَ وَبَعضُهم مِنَ اليَابَانِ
أَينَ المُصطَفَي وَ آَصدِقَاؤُهٌ؟
ذَهَبُوا إِلَي الْمَطْعَمِ
Exercise 1 :
Complete the first exercise in the Lessonwhere the singular Mubtada & Khabar needs to change from singular to Plural.
Part 4:
Exercise 2 :
Complete the exercise keeping the following in mind:
{jb_bluedisc}1{/jb_bluedisc} Remember that Mubtada/Khabar must match each other i.e. if one is plural then the other will also be plural.
{jb_bluedisc}2{/jb_bluedisc} Remember that Naat/Man'ootmust match each other i.e. if one is plural then the other will also be plural.
{jb_bluedisc}3{/jb_bluedisc} Remember that Verb/Subject must match each other i.e. if one is plural then the other will also be plural.
Exercise 3 :
Complete the exercise by attaching a suitable pronoun to the Noun and remember that Noun/Pronoun combination is Mudaf/Mudaf-Ileh.
Exercise 4 :
Complete the exercise and remember that Verb/Subject must match each other i.e. if one is plural then the other will also be plural.
Exercise 5 :
Read, write and ponder over the examples given.
Part 5:
Part B of the lesson introduces feminine plurals.
مَن هَؤُلاءِ الفَتَياتُ يَا مَريَمُ؟
هُنَّ زَمِيلَاتِي
أَأَخَوَاتٌ هُنَّ ؟
نَعَم, هُنَّ أَخَوَاتٌ
مَن أَبُوهُنَّ؟
أَبُوهُنَّ الشَْيخُ بِلَالٌ . أٌمُّهُنَّ أٌستَاذَتِي
أَينَ بَيتُهُنَّ ؟
بَيتُهُنَّ قَرِيبٌ مِنَ المَدرَسَةِ
Exercise 1 :
Complete the first exercise in the Lessonwhere the singular Mubtada & Khabar needs to change from singular to Plural.
Exercise 2 :
Complete the exercise keeping the following in mind:
{jb_bluedisc}1{/jb_bluedisc} Remember that Mubtada/Khabar must match each other i.e. if one is plural then the other will also be plural.
{jb_bluedisc}2{/jb_bluedisc} Remember that Naat/Man'ootmust match each other i.e. if one is plural then the other will also be plural.
{jb_bluedisc}3{/jb_bluedisc} Remember that Verb/Subject must match each other i.e. if one is plural then the other will also be plural.
{jb_bluedisc}4{/jb_bluedisc} Remember that gender must match i.e. a masculine Mubtada must have a masculine Khabar.
Exercise 3 :
Complete the exercise and remember that Verb/Subject must match each other i.e. if one is plural then the other will also be plural.
Exercise 4 :
Insert a suitable Mubtada (masculine or feminine) depending on the Khabar.
Exercise 5 :
Insert a suitable Mubtada (suitable personal pronoun i.e. masculine or feminine) depending on the Khabar.
Exercise 6 :
Write down suitable Plurals.
Part 6:
Part C of the lesson introduces mixed plurals.
{jb_bluedisc}1{/jb_bluedisc} Identify the Plural and the write down its singular and match it to it's patterns أُوزَان where it is broken masculine plural.
{jb_bluedisc}2{/jb_bluedisc} Identify the Mubtada, Badal (where applicable) and Khabar.
هؤُلا إَخوَتِي و أُولئكَ أَصْدِقَائِي
مَن أُولئكَ الرِّجَالُ الطِّوالُ؟
هٌم أَطِبّاءُ مِن أَمرِيكَا؟
مَن أُولئكَ النِّسَاءُ؟
هُنَّ أُمَّهاتُ الطَّالِبَاتُ
آبَاءُ الطُّلَّابِ عَندَ المُدِيرِ
أَأُولئكَ النِّسَاءُ خَالَتٌكِ يَا مَريَمُ؟
لا, هُنَّ عَمَّاتِي
هؤُلا أَطِبّاءُ وَ أُولئكَ مَُندِسُونَ
هؤُلا الرِّجَالُ فُقَرَاءُ وَ أُولئكَ أَغنِيَاءُ
أُولئكَ الطُّلَّابُ ضِعَافٌ
مَن أُولئكَ الرِّجَالُ ؟ هٌم وُزَرَاءُ
Exercise 1 :
Convert the Mubtada, Badal and Khabar into plurals and also write down it's patterns أُوزَان where it is broken masculine plural.
Exercise 2 :
Insert a suitable Mubatada into the blanks.
Exercise 3 :
Write down the plurals and know that these are feminine broken plurals which don't follow any patterns أُوزَان
Exercise 4 :
Read & Write and know that know that these are masculine broken plurals whichfollow any patterns أُوزَان